mp4pd5Group+5

= Conclusion- = = As a result the chemicals mixed in with other chemicals can make a lot of reactions. There were 4 chemicals that could make different reactions, going from fizzing, precipitating and many more reactions. The chemicals were bromothymol blue, CaCl2, and NaHCO3. = = Experimental Design- = = Questions: What chemical reactions will happen in this experiment? = = Hypothesis- I think that more then one chemical reactions will happen, like color change and oder change. = = Independent varibale- test tube, computer, and sensor. = = Dependent varibale- Bromothymol blue, CaCl2, and NaHCO3. = = Contents- Bromothymol blue, CaCl2, and NaHCO3. = = Procedure- First add .5 grams of CaCl2 and NaHCO3 to the test tube. Next, add 15ml to the test tube. Next, mix until a sign of a chemical reaction accures. then record temperature and observations to your lab notebook. = = Predictions- = = Water and Calium Chloride- We predicted that there is going ti be a color change = = = = BB and Calcium Chloride (H20)-We predict that the substance will change and the color will change to a light blue = = = = NaHCO3 adnd Water- We predict that the sodium biocarbonate will sink to the bottom of the water = = = = CaCl2 and NaHCO3- We predicted that a preicipate or a solid will form at the bottom = = = = CaCl2 adn NaHCO (water)- we predict that the sibstance will make a color change = = = = NaHCO3 and BB- We think that their will be a color change and it will be a light blue = = = = NaHCO3 andaCl =

Background information: Substances being used: Bromothymol blue, water, calcium chloride, Sodium bicarbonate Bromothymol blue- C 27H28Br2O5S (liquid) Color change- blue is neutral, yellow is an acid, and green is a base. The chemical is used for determining weak acids, and also is sparingly soluble in water as well as soluble in alcohol. This chemical is commonly used in measuring Ph levels. Water- H2O (liquid) Water is safe to consume. The freezing point of water is 32 degrees Fahrenheit and the boiling point is 212 degrees Fahrenheit. Calcium chloride- CaCl2 (solid) Calcium chloride is a salt mainly used on the roads to melt ice in the winter. This is a solid at room temperature. Calcium chloride is soluble Sodium bicarbonate- NaHCO3 (solid) Sodium Bicarbonate is also known as baking soda which can be used as a medicine, in cleaning products, and also food products. Sodium bicarbonate can be used as an antacid to relieve heart burn and can also be used in acid indigestion.

Balanced Equation Pb(NO3)2+2NaI→2NaNO3+PbI2

Predictions and Observations -Color change || -Temperature decreased 2°C -Dissolved -Mixture cleared up after a while -Endothermic reaction || -Temperature increased 4.4°C -Exothermic reaction || -Color change || -Exothermic reaction -Temperature increased 10°C || -No chemical change || -No temperature change -No chemical change || -Color change || -Gas formed -Became opaque -Sizzling noise -Temperature increased 4.6°C -Precipitate formed -Exothermic reaction || -Gas will form || -Non soluble -Temperature decreased 1.9°C -Endothermic reaction || -Gas will form -Color change || -Temperature increased 2.8°C -Exothermic change -Gas formed -Precipitate formed -Color change ||
 * ** Combinations ** || ** Predictions ** || ** Observations ** ||
 * NaHCO₂ + H₂O || -A gas will form
 * CaCl₂ + H₂O || -A mixture will form || -CaCl₂ sunk to the bottom
 * Bromothymol Blue + CaCl₂ || -A gas will form
 * CaCl₂ + NaHCO₃ || -NaHCO₃ will sink to the bottom
 * CaCl₂ + NaHCO₃ + H₂O || -A gas will form
 * Bromothymol Blue + NaHCO₃ || -Color change
 * Bromothymol Blue + CaCl₂ + NaHCO₃ || -Odor
 * Summary **
 * In the chemical lab, our group was to test different combinations of ****compounds to see the evidence of a chemical reaction. The first combination was NaHCO **** ₃ ****(sodium bicarbonate) and H **** ₂ ****O (water). We observed that the NaHCO **** ₃ ****<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;"> dissolved in the H **** ₂ ****<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">O and cleared up after a while. We noticed that the temperature decreased 2°C. when temperature decreases, that means that an endothermic change has taken place. An endothermic change will take place when energy is absorbed. Next, we combined CaCl **** ₂ ****<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;"> (baking soda) and H **** ₂ ****<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">O. the CaCl **** ₂ ****<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;"> sunk to the bottom of the test tube. The temperature increased 4.4°C. When the temperature increased, that means energy was released. When the energy was released, an exothermic reaction took place. The next combination that our group tested was Bromothymol Blue and CaCl **** ₂ ****<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">. There was only an increase in temperature by 10°C which is a sign that an exothermic change took place. The next combination that was tested was CaCl **** ₂ ****<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;"> and NaHCO **** ₃ ****<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">. Throughout the testing, there was no chemical reaction. So we moved on to the next combination. We added H **** ₂ ****<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">O to the CaCl **** ₂ ****<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;"> and to the NaHCO **** ₃ ****<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">. There were many chemical reactions to the combination. The combination caused the test to form a gas and made a sizzling sound. The reaction caused the compounds to become opaque and formed a precipitate. A precipitate forms when the compound is insoluble. The temperature of the reaction increased 4.6°C making an exothermic reaction. The next combination was Bromothymol zblue and NaHCO **** ₃ ****<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">. The reaction was insoluble and the temperature decreased 1.9°C. the experiment was an endothermic reaction. The last combination was Bromothymol Blue, CaCl **** ₂ ****<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">, and NaHCO **** ₃. ****<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">The tempera ****<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">ture increased by 2.8°C having an exothermic reaction. A gas formed and caused a color change and turned whitish green. The combination was insoluble and formed a precipitate. **